용담초(한의-한약(약초)-청열약-청열조습약)

 

 

용담초

 

Gentiana is a rubric of shops that includes hundreds of species, numerous of which have been used for medicinal purposes in colorful traditional Oriental drug practices similar to Chinese, Japanese, and Korean drug practices. The most commonly used species of Gentiana include Gentiana scabra, Gentiana lutea, and Gentiana rigescens. In traditional Oriental medicine, Gentiana is known for its bitter taste and is frequently used as a digestive alcohol to stimulate appetite, ameliorate digestion, and relieve symptoms similar to bloating, gas, and nausea. It's also believed to have anti-inflammatory,anti-bacterial, and anti-viral properties and has been used to treat a variety of affections similar to fever, sore throat, and liver complaints. Gentiana is generally administered as a tea, tinge, or greasepaint and can also be used topically as a cataplasm or compress. While there's some scientific substantiation to support the traditional uses of Gentiana, further exploration is demanded to completely understand its implicit benefits and pitfalls. As with any herbal remedy, it's important to consult with a good healthcare professional before using Gentiana or any other herbal drug.

 

Gentiana는 수백 종을 포함하는 식물의 속으로, 그 중 많은 종은 중국, 일본, 한국 의학과 같은 다양한 전통 동양 의학 관행에서 약용 목적으로 사용되었습니다. 가장 일반적으로 사용되는 Gentiana 은 Gentiana scabra, Gentiana lutea 및 Gentiana rigescens입니다.

전통 한의학에서 용담은 쓴맛으로 알려져 식욕을 돋우고 소화를 좋게 하며 더부룩함, 가스, 메스꺼움 등의 증상을 완화시키는 소화 강장제로 자주 사용됩니다. 또한 항염증, 항박테리아 및 항바이러스 특성이 있는 것으로 믿어지며 열, 인후통 및 간 질환과 같은 다양한 질병을 치료하는 데 사용되었습니다.

겐티아나는 일반적으로 차, 팅크제 또는 분말로 투여되며 습포제 또는 압축제로 국소적으로 사용할 수도 있습니다. 젠티아나의 전통적인 사용을 뒷받침하는 일부 과학적 증거가 있지만 잠재적 이점과 위험을 완전히 이해하려면 더 많은 연구가 필요합니다. 다른 약초 요법과 마찬가지로 Gentiana 또는 다른 약초를 사용하기 전에 자격을 갖춘 의료 전문가와 상담하는 것이 중요합니다.

 

 

龙胆草

 

【别名】龙胆、苦胆草、胆草

 

【汉语拼音】longdancao

 

【名称英】RADIX GENTIANAE

 

【加工采集】本品为龙胆科植物条叶龙胆Gentiana manshurica Kitag.、龙胆 Gentiana scabra Bunge 、 三花龙胆 Gentiana triflora pall 或坚龙胆Gentiana rigescens Franch. 的干燥根及根茎。前三种习称“龙胆”，后一种习称“坚龙胆”。春、秋二季采挖，洗净，干燥。

 

【药材鉴别】（1） 本品横切面：龙胆 表皮细胞有时残存，外壁较厚。皮层窄；外皮层细胞类方形，壁稍厚，木栓化；内皮层细胞切向延长，每一细胞由纵向壁分隔成数个类方形小细胞。韧皮部宽广，有裂隙。形成层不甚明显。木质部导管3～10 个群束。髓部明显。薄壁细胞含细小草酸钙针晶。 坚龙胆 内皮层以外组织多已脱落。木质部导管发达，均匀密布。无髓部。 粉末淡黄棕色。龙胆 外皮层细胞表面观类纺锤形，每一细胞由横壁分隔成数个扁方形的小细胞。内皮层细胞表面观类长方形，甚大，平周壁观纤细的横向纹理，每一细胞由纵隔壁分隔成数个栅状小细胞，纵隔壁大多连珠状增厚。薄壁细胞含细小草酸钙针晶。网纹及梯纹导管直径约至45μm。 坚龙胆 无外皮层细胞。内皮层细胞类方形或类长方形，平周壁的横向纹理较粗而密，有的粗达3μm，每一细胞分隔成多数栅状小细胞，隔壁稍增厚或呈连珠状。 （2） 取本品粉末0。5g，加甲醇5ml，浸渍4～5小时，滤过，滤液浓缩至约2ml，作为供试品溶液。另取龙胆苦苷对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（附录Ⅵ B）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一以羧甲基纤维素钠为黏合剂的硅胶ＧＦ254 薄层板上，以醋酸乙酯－甲醇－水（20:2:1）为展开剂，二次展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（254nm）下检视 。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。

 

【炮制】除去杂质，洗净，润透，切段，干燥。

 

【功能主治】清热燥湿，泻肝胆火。用于湿热黄疸，阴肿阴痒，带下，强中，湿疹瘙痒，目赤，耳聋，胁痛，口苦，惊风抽搐。

 

【性味】性味：苦，寒。
性状：龙胆：根茎呈不规则的块状，长1～3cm，直径0．3～1cm；表面暗灰棕色或深棕色，上端有茎痕或残留茎基，周围和下端着生多数细长的根。根圆柱形，略扭曲，长10～20cm，直径0．2～0．5cm；表面淡黄色或黄棕色，上部多有显着的横皱纹，下部较细，有纵皱纹及支根痕。质脆，易折断，断面略平坦，皮部黄白色或淡黄棕色，木部色较浅，呈点状环列。气微，味甚苦。 坚龙胆：表面无横皱纹，外皮膜质，易脱落，木部黄白色，易与皮部分离。

 

【用法用量】3～6g。

 

【贮藏】置干燥处。

 

【归经】归肝、胆经。